Ukwahlukana kweSigqeba se-Insureds kubaluleke kakhulu xa elinye iqela elibhekiselele limela elinye.
Ngaloo ndlela, ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa umnqamlezo ufanelana nesigatshana (okanye i-suit suits coverage). Kweminye imigaqo-nkqubo, isiqendu sichaza ngaphantsi kwesihloko sokuNciphisa kweNtshisekelo kunokuSahlukaniswa kwama-Insureni.
Iphi?
Ukwahlukana kweSigqeba se-Insureds ngokuqhelekileyo kufumaneka kwiimeko zomgaqo - nkqubo . Kwimigaqo-nkqubo yokuthengisa yomgaqo-nkqubo , kodwa, kubonakala kwiCandelo leenkcazo phantsi kwengcaciso ye- insured .
Ukwahlukana kwamagatya e-Insurets ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya iindawo ezimbini. Inxalenye yokuqala iyasebenza kuma-insureds egama.
1. Hlangana phakathi kwegama elibizwa ngokuba yi-Insureds
Inxalenye yokuqala yoKwahlula kweSigqeba se-Insurets isebenza kwii-insureds eziqeshwe ngamagama . Lawa maqela achazwe kwicandelo lokumisela lomgaqo-nkqubo wakho. Isigatshana siqinisekisa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo usebenza ngokwahlukileyo kumntu ngamnye ogama lakhe liqinisekisiwe. Okokuthi, ukuba ngaba babini abaqeshwe ngama-insureds baxoxwa, ngamnye uya kugutyungulwa ngokungathi nguye kuphela odweliswe kumgaqo-nkqubo.
Ulwahlulo lweSigqeba se-Insurets luqulethe ezibini ezibalulekileyo.
Okokuqala, ayisebenzi kwimida yomshuwalense. Oku kuthetha ukuba imingcele ayisebenzisi ngokwahlukileyo kwi-insured nganye. Ngokomzekelo, cinga ukuba ezimbini ezibizwa ngokuba yi-insureds zithandana ngenxa yokulimala komzimba abaye bahlala kwinto enye. Yonke inonakalo i-inshurensi ehlawulela egameni lamabini omabini aya kuthotyelwa kuMyinge woMlinganiselo ngamnye.
Okwesibini, lesi siqendu asisebenzisi kwimisebenzi ethile eyabelwe umntu wokuqala ogqityiweyo , onentsingiselo yokuba umntu okanye iqumrhu liboniswe kuqala kwiimpapasho. Umntu wokuqala obizwa ngokuba ngumshuwalense unembopheleleko ethile, njengomsebenzi wokuhlawula iiprimiyamu. Ulwahlulo lweSigqeba se-Insureds alongezelelanga le mi sebenzi kwabanye abaqeshwe ngama-insureds.
Izibonelelo ezingasetyenziswayo ngokwahlukileyo
Ukwahlukana kweSigqeba se-Insureds kuqinisekisa ukuba i- exclusions policy iya kusetyenziswa ngamnye ngamnye ogama lakhe liqinisekisiwe. Oku kwahlukana kwenkcazo kubaluleke kakhulu xa umntu ogqitywe ngegama eliqinisekisiwe elimela omnye. Oku kungenxa yokuba ezinye izinto ezingabonakaliyo kumgaqo-nkqubo ziyasebenza kuwe , oku kuthetha ukuba igama eliqinisekisiwe elibizwa ngokuba yi-insured (s). Xa kungabikho Ukwahlula kweSigqeba se-Insureds, izibhengezo ezinxulumene nomntu ogqitywe ngumshishino onokuthi ziqinisekiswe zingasetyenziswa kwenye. Nasi umzekelo.
Umzekelo
UBill Jones kunye nomntakwabo, uBob, bangabanikazi abambisene namashishini amabini, uJones Creamery kunye no-Jones Manufacturing. UJones Creamery uphethe i-ice cream store. I-Jones Manufacturing yenza i-flavour ekhethekileyo ye-ice cream. Iifemu ziye zavuma ngokuvumelana ukuba yonke ice cream eyenziwe nguJones Manufacturing iya kuthengiswa kwisitolo sikaJones Creamery. Ngaphezu koko, i-creamery ithengisa ice cream eyenziwe kuphela nguJones Manufacturing.
Zombini iinkampani zithiwa ngama-insureds kumgaqo- mgaqo-xanduva olufanayo.
UJones Creamery usebenza i-ice cream esitolo kwindawo. I-Jones Manufacturing isebenza ngaphandle kwesakhiwo esinezo ezitholakala emva kwendawo yokuthenga. Zonke iipropati eziphantsi kwale nkampani zikhuselekile ngaphantsi komgaqo-nkqubo wepropati efanayo. Zomabini ezo shishino zithiwa ngama-insureds phantsi komgaqo-mfanelo wolawulo olufanayo.
Emva kobusuku obunye, umlindi oqeshwe nguJones Manufacturing ulungiselela ukuhlamba umgangatho wefestile. Akazi ukuba i-bleach kunye ne-ammonia iyatshisa xa idibene, kwaye igalela enye nganye kwibhakethi. Emva koko ubeka iintloko ngaphandle ukulahla udoti. Imizuzwana embalwa kamva umxube uqhuma. Akukho mntu utyhathekayo kodwa inxalenye yesakhiwo sefektri iyatshatyalaliswa. Iziko lezorhwebo alonakali.
I-Jones Manufacturing iyaphoqelelwa ukuba ivalwe iinyanga ezine ukuya kwakha isakhiwo. I-Jones Creamery ivaliwe ngesivumelwano sokusebenzisa abanye ababoneleli, ngoko ke isitoreli kufuneka ivalwe ngeenyanga ezine. Umonakalo owenziwe ngumbutho uhlanganiswe ngumgaqo-nkqubo wepropati. Ngelishwa, umgaqo-nkqubo awubandakanyi ukukhutshwa kwengeniso yezorhwebo .
Kwiinyanga ezilishumi emva kokuqhuma, uJones Creamery uthi u-Jones Ukukhiqiza ukulahleka kokusetyenziswa. (Ngaphantsi komgaqo-mboleko, ukulahlekelwa kokusetyenziswa kwepropati ebonakalayo engakhange yalimala ifaneleke njengomonakalo wepropati .) Umgwebo uphakamisa ukuba uJohn Manufacturing nguye omele ukulahlekelwa nguJones Creamery. Ithi ukuqhuma, okugqithiseleyo kukuthintela i-creamery ukususela ekusebenziseni i-ice cream store, kwakungenxa yokunganakwa komenzi.
UkuLawulwa kwePropati
Ininzi yemigaqo-nkqubo inokuthi ikhutshwe (phantsi kweMfanelo yokuLawulwa kweBhodi kunye neNdawo yokuLawulwa kweMpahla) "umonakalo kwipropati yakho, urenti, okanye uhlala." Oku kubandakanywa kuhloswe ukuphelisa ukukhutshwa kwamabango afanelekileyo ukuba aqinisekiswe phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo wepropati. Ukukhutshwa kusebenza kuwe (egama liqinisekisiwe).
UJohn Manufacturing ulandelwe nguJones Creamery umonakalo wepropati (ukulahlekelwa kokusetyenziswa) kwivenkile yokuthengisa. UJones Creamery uhlala kwipropati enokubangela ibango. Bobabini uJones Creamery kunye noJones Manufacturing bafanelekile.
Ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo awuzange usebenze ngokwahlukileyo kumntu ngamnye ogqityiweyo ongu-insured, umonakalo wepropati ekukhutshweni okukhankanywe ngasentla unokususa ukukhutshwa kwebango elibhekiselele kwi-Jones Manufacturing. Ngethamsanqa, ukukhutshwa kuthathwa njengecandelo ngalinye elibizwa ngokuba yi-insured. Xa umonakalo wepropati (ukulahleka kokusetyenziswa) kwenzeka, uJohn Manufacturing akazange abe ngumnikazi okanye ahlale kwindawo (ice cream store) esisiseko sesibango. Ngaloo ndlela, ukukhutshwa akusebenzi, kwaye ibango layo malunga nomenzi kufuneka lifakwe.
2. Ilungele phakathi kwama-insureds
IsiGaba sesiBini soKwahlula kweeNkampani ze-Insureni zibonelela kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo phakathi kwe-insureds. Ithetha ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo usetyenziswa ngokwahlukileyo kwi-insured nganye enesihloko sesibango okanye i-suit. Eli lungiselelo liqinisekisa ukuba ukuba i-inshurensi A ibeka i-Insured B, umgaqo-nkqubo uya kusebenza kwi-Insured B ngokungathi i-Insured A ayikho.
Kutheni iCandelo loKwahlula kweeNkampani zeeNkampani zeeNkampani zeeNkampani zeCandelo leNgcaciso lichaza Ezinye zezinto ezingabandakanywayo kumgaqo-nkqubo zibhekisela kwi "insured". "Umshuwalense" ngokuqhelekileyo uthetha umntu okhuselekile ofuna ukukhutshwa kwebango okanye i-suit. Masithi ukuba i-Insured A iyayifumana i-Insured B yokulimala komzimba . Ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo awuzange usebenze ngokwahlukileyo kwi-B, iifayile ezingenayo ku-A zingasetyenziswa kwi-B.
Umzekelo
Iimpahla ezininzi phakathi kwama-insureds zibandakanya i- insured eyongezelelweyo eye yamangalela umntu ogama li-insured. Ngokomzekelo, cinga ukuba umnini wepropati obizwa ngokuba yiParamount Properties uqesha uPee's Painting ukupenda isakhiwo seofisi. Isivumelwano esiphakathi kweeParimount Properties kunye nePete's Painting sidinga ukuba uPete akhuphe iParamount njengenye i-insured phantsi komgaqo-mboleko wePete.
Udwebo lukaPete luqala ukusebenza kwiprojekthi. Ngelinye ilanga, uJeff, umqeshwa kaPete, ubeka isiteji kwisakhiwo kufuphi nefestile. Ngokukhawuleza, ifreyimu yewindow iyawa isakhiwo kwaye ixabise uJeff entloko. UJeff uncedisa ukulimala kwentloko kwaye ufaka ibango phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo wokuhlawula abasebenzi basePete's Painting. Emva kokuqokelela izinzuzo zokuhlawula abasebenzi, uJeff ufayile isityholo malunga neParamount Properties. I-suit yayo ibango ukuba ifreyimu yefestile ayifakathwanga kwisakhiwo. I-Paramount yayiyiqonda le nyaniso ngaphambi kwengozi kodwa yahluleka ukulukisa uJeff wengozi.
Iipropati eziPhezulu ziphendula ngokufaka ityala malunga nePete's Painting. I-Paramount ibanga ukuba yazisa uPee's Painting malunga nefowuni evulekileyo yefestile. Ukudweba kukaPete kwakungekho nto engayinakunceda ukuxelela uJeff ngengozi ukuze uPete abe noxanduva lokulimala kukaJeff.
Abaqeshi UkuLawulwa kweMfanelo
Kulo mzekelo ukhankanywe ngasentla, uPaint's Painting ulandelwe yiParamount Properties ngenxa yokulimala okwenzeka kumqeshwa kaPete. Ukuba uPete uthumele i-suit kwi-insurer yakhe yemfanelo, umgcini-mali uya kukhanyela ukuxhaswa ngokubhekiselele ekukhutshweni kwemfanelo kwabaqeshi kumgaqo-nkqubo. Ukukhutshwa kwesi sikhokelo kuphelisa ukukhutshwa komzimba ngokumalunga nomsebenzi we-insured. Ukulimala okunxulumene nomsebenzi kungabandakanywa ngenxa yokuba kufuneka kuhlanganiswe phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo wokuhlawulela abasebenzi.
I-Paramount yinkxaso eyongezelelweyo phantsi komgaqo-mboleko wePete. Ukuba i-Paramount ifuna ukuxhaswa komgwebo kaJeff phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo kaPete, ngaba ukunyanzelwa kwabaqeshi ukunyanzeliswa kuya kufikelela kwiParamount?
Ngenxa yokuHlukaniswa kweeNkxaso-mali, umgaqo-nkqubo (kubandakanywa nokukhutshwa kwecala lokuqeshiswa kwabaqeshi) usebenza ngokwahlukileyo kwi-insured nganye. Iipropati zeParimount ayiyena umqeshi kaJeff ukuze ukukhutshwa kwabasebenzi abaxanduva akufuneki kusebenza kuyo. I-suit yokulwa neParamount ifanele ifakwe.
Imida Ungayisebenzisi ngokuhlukileyo
Ulwahlulo lwee-Insureds zokubonelela alusebenzi kwimida yomgaqo - nkqubo . Ukuba amabini ama-insureds aphandana njengengozi yengozi, yonke imonakalo (okanye iindawo zokuhlala) ezinikezelwa kuzo zombini i-insureds ziya kuthotyelwa kumda ngamnye woNyaka . Imida ayisebenzisi ngokuhlukileyo kwi-insured nganye.
Iminqamlezo yoMnqamlezo
Ekugqibeleni, imigaqo ethile yemfanelo kunye ne-umbrella iqulethe izinto ezingabonakaliyo eziphelisa ukukhutshwa kwezikhwama ngee-insured ngokumelene nomnye. Ezi "zikhutshwe nge-insured" zikhutshwa. Abanye basebenza kuphela kwizibophelelo phakathi kwegama elibizwa ngokuba yi-insureds. Abanye basebenzelana nezibophezelo phakathi kwazo naziphi na i-insureds. Iipolisi ezi zikhethiweyo mazifanele zigwenywe.