Umzekelo: Ukwahlula kwi-Market Defined Benefit Market
- Iimfuno zeengqondo - Isimo, ukuzithemba, uxolo lwengqondo, ubungozi bokutshintsha;
- IiNzuzo zoQoqosho - Ukuqwalaselwa kwexabiso, izaphulelo, imigangatho yematyala kunye neenzuzo zemali.
- Imilinganiselo eSebenzayo - Ukuthembeka, ukufumaneka, ukukhululeka kokusetyenziswa, ukusebenza kakuhle, ukukhuseleka nokukhuseleko.
Umzekelo weCandelo loNcedo lwabaSebenzi beRhafu
Umzekelo wecandelo lokuthengisa umxhasi owenziwe ngezantsi lenzelwe abaxhasi becandelo lomhlalaphantsi. Isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi abaxhasayo baquka imibutho efaka imali yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi yabatyalomali karhulumente kunye nabazimeleyo. Iprogram eyaziwayo abaxhasayo bayabandakanya iCalSTRS (i-California State States Retirement System System) kunye ne-TIAA-CREF [I-Assurance Insurance kunye ne-Annuity Association of America (TIAA) ne-College Retirement Equities Fund (CREF)].
Ubunzima beSicwangciso se-5 Abaxhasi beSicwangciso seNkcazo yeNzuzo
- Amacandelo: AbaSebenzi, abaMenzi, abaLwandisi, abaHlengi, abaPhezulu
- Ubukhulu obubalulekileyo:
- Kusenokwenzeka ukuba iFreeze (musa ukwenza isigqibo sotyalo-mali)
- Flexibility
- Ukubhenjwa kwePensheni kwiSahluko seBhalansi
- Hlola kwaye Funa Izicwangciso ezintsha
Abathengi = Nciphise ukunyanzelisa
Ezi cwangciso abaxhasi banenjongo yokugcina izicwangciso ezibandakanyekayo ukugcinwa kweetalente (injongo yeenkampani) okanye ngenxa yokuba zikarhulumente (impembelelo okanye imibutho yabasebenzi).
Abathengi baya kuba ngabahamba phambili kuba bafumana i-balance sheet ephakamileyo yokuchasana nomhlalaphantsi. Ngenxa yamanqanaba aphezulu axhaswa ngemali, abaxhasi banokukwazi ukuqwalasela utshintsho olubi. Abathengi baya kuba banomdla kakhulu kwiimveliso ezicwangcisiweyo kunye nokwandisa ingeniso emininzi ende.
Menders = Abafundi
Abaxhaswa ngemali abaxhaswa ngemali bancinci ngokwaneleyo ngokumalunga ne-balance sheet jikelele ukuba babe neqondo eliphantsi lokungabikho komngcipheko wezezimali.
Baya kuba nethuba lokugcina izicwangciso zabo ezicacileyo ezicacileyo, kodwa banokuzifakela lula xa befuna ukwenza njalo. Ezi zicwangciso abaxhasi banomdla kwi-optimist return return. Baya kuqwalasela imveliso emitsha, ngakumbi abo bathembisa isizukulwana se-alpha, ulawulo lwe-asset-responsibility, kunye nokukhuselwa kwengozi. Eli qela lecebo elixhasayo libonisa ubungqina obukhulu ekuxazululeni "i-gap return".
Ukwandisa = Lindela & Thandaza
Ezi zicwangciso abaxhasi bawela kumaqela amabini: Abo bangakwazi ukukhupha isicwangciso kunye nalabo abaya kubamba njengokuba abanako ukukhanda.
Abafaki-mafutha benza malunga nama-25% e-sectoral yangasese e-Defined Benefit Defending Benefits (AUM) kwaye iya kubambelela kwisimo salo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Bavame ukufumana imali engaphantsi kwemali kwaye bayakwazi ngokulula. Kodwa ezi cwangciso abaxhasi baya kunqanda ukuguqulwa kunye nethemba lokuba ukulingana okulungileyo kunye nentlawulo yenzalo kuya kunceda ukuvala i-gap yezimali.
Abanamalungelo abancinci (isiqingatha kwiphepha elipheleleyo le-balance sheet) Izicwangciso zeNgcaciso zeNgcaciso. Ababanako ukukrazula izicwangciso zabo njengoko bengenako ukunciphisa iingeniso ezizayo. Ukucwangcisa abaxhasi abanokuthi bahlale beza kugxininisa kwi-premium yengozi yokulingana, kubalwa kwimarike yokusebenzisana, kwaye kuza kwenza utshintsho oluthile lweefa kwiinguqu ezifutshane.
Abafaki = Beka iDiski
Ngokugqithiseleyo, i-plan abaxhasi banciphise ithuba lokumisa umnqweno, kodwa isondlo esiphezulu sokutya. Ngomzamo wokunyuka emhadini ongekho phantsi kwemali, baya kuthenga ngokugqithiseleyo ukubuyisela okuphezulu, ukujonga kwi-alpha ephathekayo kunye nokunye utyalo-mali oluthile njengemali ye-hedge kunye nokulingana kwangasese. Njengokugqiba kokugqibela, baya kuxhomekeka kwiNkampani yeGrant Guarantey Corporation (PBGC) ukubonelela ngeenzuzo zomhlalaphantsi.
Ukuphela = Mhlawumbi ukuCima
Ukuhlawula imali kwaye uzimisele ukuhlawula iindleko ezongezelelweyo ukwenza utshintsho, ezi cwangciso abaxhasi banokuhamba ngokukhawuleza. Akunako ukukwazi ukuma ngokuqhubekayo-ukuphendula kunye negalelo lokunyaniseka kunzima kakhulu. Ngoko baya kukhetha ukukrazula okanye ukuphuma kwiiplani zabo ezichaziweyo. Ezi cwangciso abaxhasi baya kutsalwa ekuthengeni izicombululo, ezininzi zazo, kwixesha elisondeleyo, ziya kuthatha uhlobo lokuthengwa kwemali kwi-insurers.
Baza kuqhubeka befumana iisombululo zokuthenga ezithengayo.