I-FHWA inoxanduva lobunzima kunye nemigangatho yemilinganiselo yezithuthi zorhwebo
Imimiselo yoLwazi lweZithuthi
Kwakuqala ukuba imimiselo yenziwe malunga nobukhulu bezithuthi zorhwebo ngo-1956. Ngaloo xesha, ububanzi obuninzi bezithuthi zorhwebo ezivunyelwe kwiNkqubo yeNdlela yase-Interstate yayingu-96 intshi.
UMthetho woNcedo lokuThuthwa koThutho (STAA) ka-1982 ukwandise ububanzi obukhulu bezithuthi zoshishino ukuya kuma-intshi ama-102, ngaphandle kwezibuko kunye nezixhobo ezithile zokukhusela. Okukuphela kwalomgaqo kule mgaqo weHawaii apho ububanzi obude buyi 108 intshi. Ukuba umntu ngamnye ufuna ukuvumela izithuthi ezindleleni zabo zokunxibelelana kweendlela ezikhulu kunokuba ububanzi obuphezulu, ngoko urhulumente kufuneka akhuphe imvume ekhethekileyo ebanzi.
Imfuno yesigqeba malunga nobude bezithuthi zichazwe njengezona zincinci ezi zilandelayo. Ubuncinci be-semitrailer bunamamitha angama-48 okanye umda omkhulu welizwe. Ngokomzekelo, ubude obuncinane bobude kwiColorado bubungama-inyawo ezingama-54 kunye neeyintshi ezine, ngelixa eNew Mexico, ubuncinane ubuncinci buyi-57 inyawo kunye nee-intshi ezingama-6.
Akukho mfuneko yokuphakama kweemoto zentengiso kwiimoto zorhwebo , ezivumela amazwe ukuba azinqande imimiselo yabo yokuphakama.
Ininzi imida yokuphakama ibanzi ukusuka kwii-13, ii-intshi ezi-6, ezifumaneka e-Iowa naseMassachusetts, ukuya kwii-14 iienyawo, eMissouri naseCalifornia, ngaphandle kwemvume enikwe imvume yokunciphisa iindawo ezithile.
Imimiselo kwiZithuthi zoMzimba
Ummiselo ochaza imithintelo yesisindo kwizithuthi zorhwebo ufumaneka kwi-23 CFR Ingxenye 658.17.
Isisindo esiphezulu esichazelayo kufuneka sinyanzeliswe kwizithuthi kwiindlela zangaphakathi ziyi-80,000 iipounds malunga nomyinge wokulinganisela. Imimiselo iphinda ifune ukuba ubunzima bobunzima kwi-axle enye ibe ngama-pounds angama-20,000 kunye nama-34,000 iipounds kwi-axel axle.
Isithuthi esisodwa esisodwa singabandakanya isithuthi esinama-axle amabini kodwa ezo zi-axle azikwazi ukuba zingaphezu kwama-intshi angama-40. Ukuba i-axles kwizithuthi zingaphezu kwama-intshi angama-40 kwaye ingaphantsi kwama-intshi angama-96, ngoko isithuthi siya kuthathwa njengesithuthi se-axel.
Urhulumente ngamnye unokukhupha iimvume ezingaphezu kwamandla amaninzi, njengoko kungengomsebenzi wokulawula. Urhulumente unako ukukhupha imvume kwimoto ukuba umthwalo awukwazi ukwahlukana ube yimithwalo encinci, njengokulimaza umthwalo okanye udinga iiyure ezisibhozo ukuhlula umthwalo.
Iibhanti zokunciphisa ubunzima
Ngowe-1975 i-Bridge Formula yadluliselwa yiNgqungquthela ukubala ukulinganiselwa kumlinganiselo wokulinganisela ubude bezithuthi eziwela ibhuloho. Xa iimoto zorhwebo zaba nzima kakhulu kuma-1970 kwakukho inkxalabo yokuba inani elikhulu lamabhuloho ehamba ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo zangeke zimelele kwisisindo esongezelelweyo. Ukwahlukana kwe-axle kubalulekile kwifomula yefowuni njengoko isithuthi sisusa esinye isithuthi okanye i-trailer ibeka ubunzima obuninzi kwibhulorho kunezithuthi ezizimeleyo zesisindo esifanayo.
Umthetho we-Federal uthi ama-axle amabini okanye angaphezulu alandelayo angadluli isisindo esibalwe kwifom yebhuloho nangona i-axles enye, i-axle axel, kunye nezisindo zezithuthi ezikhulu ziphantsi kwemida esemthethweni.
Izithuthi ezithwala kakhulu
Nangona kukho imimiselo malunga nobunzima bezithuthi, abathwali banokuthumela izithuthi ezingaphezu kwezilwanyana ezinokuthi zikhokelele ezindleleni ezonakalisiweyo kunye neendleko zokugcina ezongezelelweyo. Uphando lucebise ukuba iindleko zeenqwelo ezinokugqithisa kakhulu ziza kusuka kwii-265 yezigidi ukuya kwi-1.1 1.1 billion ngonyaka ngamnye e-US. Ukunyanzeliswa kwemithwalo yemithwalo yemithwalo kuncike kakhulu kwizikhululo ezininzi, kodwa ngeeyure ezimbalwa zokusebenza, izinga lokuphumelela kwezikhululo zexabiso libalwe malunga neepesenti enye.
Isishwankathelo
Imimiselo yaseburhulumenteni ngobukhulu kunye nobunzima bezithuthi zorhwebo zindawo zokukhuseleko kwazo zonke izithuthi ezisebenzisa inkqubo yeendlela eziphakathi.
Imimiselo ibalulekile xa ibhekisela kwinkqubo yeendlela eziqhelekileyo kunye neebridges. Umonakalo kwindlela yokuhamba komgwaqo iyanqunyulwa yimimiselo yangoku, kodwa ukuthotyelwa kwalo mgaqo kunzima ngamalungiselelo akhoyo.