Ukuphakama kweMihla yokuTya
Iindawo zokutyela ziziko kwiindawo eziphantse kwilizwe kunye neenkcubeko zonke kwihlabathi. Indawo yokutyela njengoko siyazi namhlanje, indawo apho abantu beza kutya nokusela kunye nokuhlalisana nabo, kuthiwa yi-Revolution yesiFrentshi. Kodwa nangaphambi kokuba uMarie Antoinette kunye noLouis XVI bathunyelwe kwi-guillotine, iivenkile ziye zajikeleza ngenye indlela okanye enye ngeenkulungwane zeminyaka. Ukususela kwiXesha lama-20, iivenkile ziye zafumana utshintsho olubalulekileyo, inxalenye yokuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kwimveliso yokutya.
Namhlanje kukho inxaxheba kwiindawo zokutyela ezininzi zokubuyela kwiifama, ukugxininisa ngakumbi kwiimpahla zendawo.
Iindawo zokutyela zokuqala
Akunakuhambelana nokukhula kweevenkile ngokudityaniswa kwembali kunye nokukhula kwezixeko. Isidingo sempahla yokutya esidlangalaleni sasisungulwe ngokude emva kobukhosi baseRoma kunye neTshayina yakudala xa abantu beefama bezisa iimpahla zabo kwiimarike, bahlala behamba iintsuku eziliqela ngelo xesha, beka ezindlini zeenjini endleleni. Ngokuqhelekileyo zifumaneka phakathi kweendawo zasemaphandleni, ii-inns zanika ukutya kwitafile eziqhelekileyo kubahambi. Kwakungekho namamenyu okanye ezinye iindlela zokukhetha. Njalo ubusuku kwakukhethwa ngumdlali.
Zokutya kwixesha eliphakathi
EYurophu ngokusebenzisa iMinyaka Ephakathi kunye no-Renaissance, ii-taverns kunye nee-inns zaqhubeka ziindawo eziphambili zokuthenga ukutya okulungiselelwe. E-Spain, babizwa ngokuba yi-bodegas- ekhonza ii-tapas. ENgilani izinto ezifana ne-sausage kunye ne-pie yomalusi zaziwa.
EJamani, i-Austria kunye ne-Alsace brauwin kunye ne-weisteben yayivamile, ngelixa iFransi kunye neesobho zenziwa. Zonke ezi zokudlela zokuqala zenza izinto ezilula, eziqhelekileyo zokufumana ukutya oza kuzifumana kwikhaya elidlalayo okanye elithengisayo.
I-Revolution yesiFrentshi kunye nokuHlaba kweZilungileyo
EFransi kulo lonke i-Middle Ages, iindibano zazingenelela kwiindawo ezininzi zokutya okulungiselelwe.
Ngokomzekelo, abaculi babeyinhlangano eyayilungiselela ukutya okuphekiweyo ngoko kuthengisa ukuba awuzange ube yilungu elithile kwakungekho mthethweni ukuthengisa inyama ephekwe ngaluphi na uhlobo. Ukulandela i-Revolution yesiFrentshi, iindibano zavalwa kwaye abapheki abaninzi abaqeshwe kwizikhundla zobukhosi, nakwindlu yobukhosi, bafumene bengasebenzi. Abaninzi balaba basebenzi basemaphandleni bavula iivenkile zabo eParis, bazisa indlela entsha yokutya. I-china etyhilayo, iinqununu, kunye neempuphu zelinen zelinen - zonke iimpazamo ze-aristocracy, zaye zafumaneka kwi-echelon entsha yezakhamuzi zaseFransi. Iimenyu zaza zahluke- hlukana - zinikezela ixabiso lamabini kunye ne-la carte. Nangona izindlu zikawonkewonke zaqhubeka zikhona, ukunyuka kokutya okulungileyo eFransi kwakuza kusasazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu nakwihlabathi elitsha.
Ngethuba le-19 leminyaka, inani leendawo zokudlela eParis laqhubeka likhula. Emva kokutshatyalaliswa kweNapoléon, abantu baseYurophu abacebileyo bahamba behamba eParis ukuba badle kwiindlela ezininzi zokutya zokutya. Kwakuyinyaniso ngokukhethekileyo kwi-alliance officer gentlemen- ukunyuka okuza kuphinda kulandelwe emva kokuphela kwe-WWII. Ekupheleni kweXesha le-19, ukuqhubela phambili kwezothutho ngokusebenzisa i-steamers, izitimela kunye ekugqibeleni iimoto zazisa utshintsho kwezohambo.
Ukhenketho kwezobukhenkcezi kwanda kwaye kunye nalo mzekelo omtsha wokutya kakuhle kude nekhaya. Wayengasayi kudla xa ehamba nje kuphela. Kwaba bugcisa .
Ukunyuka kwamaCandelo okuTyela
Ngokufumanisa kweentsholongwane kunye nokuqhagamshelana phakathi kwezempilo kunye nococeko, ukugxininiswa ngakumbi ekuhlambulukeni kwakhokelela ekuphakameni kweetyhulo ezimbini ezidumile ze-hamburger ekuqaleni kwe-20 ye-Century-White Castle kunye ne-White Tower. I-interiors yazo yonke emhlophe yayenzelwe ukuqinisekisa abathengi ukuba ukutya kwabo bekulungiselelwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, yanamhlanje, engenamanzi.
Nangona kunjalo, utshintsho olukhulu kwishishini lokutyela ngexesha le-20 leminyaka libizwa ngokuba nguMcDonald's. Ekuqaleni imoto ebushushu yabaninababini abavela e-Illinois, batshintshela kwi-hamburgers ngo-1948. Ukuthatha ingqalelo kwi-conference ye-Henry Ford, abazalwana baseMcDonald baqala ukunikela ukutya okuncinci, okuncinci kunokwenzeka ngokuqesha abasebenzi abanezakhono eziphantsi.
Ngelixa abazalwana bephumelele ekusebenzeni ngokutya ngokufanelekileyo kwaye bengenangqiqo, abazange bahle kakhulu kwi-franchising. Umthengisi wezinto zokutya ogqirha ngegama likaRay Kroc wabona ubuninzi kwimfundiso kaMcDonalds, ukuthenga abazalwana ngo-1954. Indlela yakhe yokuthengisela imali ibeka umzekelo wokutya okukhawuleza ukutya, ukuguqula indawo yokutya yaseMelika .
Zokutyela namhlanje
Ngama-1990, kunye neentsapho ezininzi eziphethwe ngabazali ababini ababesebenzayo, ukuguqulwa kwamaphethini abathengi kwandisa ukwanda kwenani labantu badla ngaphandle. Iinqwelo zokutyela ezifana ne-Olive Garden, i-Applebee, kunye ne-99 zibandakanyeka kwiklasi ephakathi kakhulayo, inikezela ukutya okuncinci kwexabiso kunye namanqaku abantwana. Olunye uhlobo lwanamhlanje luhlobo lokutya kwendawo, ngokugxininiswa ngokukhethekileyo ekuzinzeni. Abantu bayazi ngakumbi kunanini na unxibelelwano phakathi kwempilo kunye nesondlo kwaye bayazi ukuba zeziphi ukutya abazidlayo xa badla kwiivenkile.