1. Ukwakhiwa
Isakhiwo esona siseko sakhiwo sakhiwa.
Eli gama lithetha izinto ezivela kuso isakhiwo.
Abaninzi batshorensi bakhetha izakhiwo zibe zigaba ngokusekelwe kwindlela yabo yokwakha esebenzisa inkqubo ephuhliswe yi- Ofisi yeeNkonzo ze-Inthanethi . Le nkqubo ibandakanya iiklasi ezintandathu ezichazwe ngezantsi. Uluhlu ngalunye lubonakalisa zombini izinto zokwakha ezisetyenzisiweyo (ezifana nemithi okanye ikhonkrithi) kunye nokutshabalalisa kwezixhobo. Iindidi ze-ISO zibalwa ukusuka kwesinye ukuya kweyesithandathu ekuhlaleni kwe-combustibility. Kwimiba emathandathu, iIklasi 1 (isakhelo) izakhiwo ziyakwazi ukutshisa, ngelixa iklasi 6 (izakhiwo zomlilo) zincinci ukuba zitshise.
Iklasi 1, iSakhelo
Izakhiwo zihlelwe njengokwakhiwa kwesakhelo ukuba iindonga zabo zangaphandle zenziwe ngamaplanga okanye ezinye izinto ezinokutsha. Isakhelo sakhiwo sisoloko senziwe simbobe sangaphakathi sokhuni kunye ne-stucco, okanye ngezitena okanye ngamatye. Uphahla ngokuqhelekileyo lenziwe ngamaplanga enqabileyo ngamaplanga okanye ngokubunjwa.
Iklasi yesi-2, u-Joisted Masonry
Isakhiwo sokudibanisa samatye sineendonga ezingaphandle zomoya ezingenakutshabalalisa ezenziwe ngezinto eziphathekayo, ezifana ne-block konkrit, ilitye, izitena okanye i-adobe. Iiplanga kunye nophahla ziyahlawuleka, ezibandakanya inxalenye okanye ngokupheleleyo. Iindonga ezithwala umthwalo zingabakhokwa nge-stucco, izitya zitena okanye ezinye izinto ezingenakutsha.
Iklasi ye-3, engeyiyo
Isakhiwo sichazwa njengento engatshatyalaliswayo xa iindonga zayo zangaphandle, iiplanga kunye nophahla zenziwe, kwaye zixhaswa yizinto ezinokutsha okanye ezinokutsha ezinjengesimbi, i-asbestos okanye i-gypsum. Uninzi lwezakhiwo zeeklasi ezintathu zinezixhobo zensimbi. Izakhiwo ezingabonakaliyo azizitshisi ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ziyakwazi ukuwa kwiqondo eliphezulu.
Iklasi ye-4, iMasonry Non-Combustible
Isakhiwo esingabonakaliyo esakhiweyo sinezindonga zangaphandle ezenziwe ngezitena, kwibhloko yekhonkrit, okanye olunye uhlobo lobutyebi. Umgangatho kunye nophahla zakhiwe ngesinyithi okanye ezinye izinto ezingenakutsha. Isakhiwo sesigaba se-4 akunakwenzeka ukuba siwele emlilweni kunesakhiwo sesigaba 3.
Iklasi yesi-5, i-Modified Fire-Resistive
Isakhiwo sokwenza umgangatho wesi-5, ukulungiswa komlilo okuguquguqukileyo, kufuneka kube nokulinganiswa komlilo okungenani iiyure ezimbini kwiindonga, phantsi nangaphahla. Iindonga, uphahla kunye neepansi kufuneka zibe ngumbuso oqinileyo obuncinci ubuncinane ubuncinane bama-intshi. Uninzi lwezakhiwo zeeklasi zakhiwa ngekhonkrithi. Uninzi luquka insimbi.
UkuKhusela Umlilo
Iklasi yesithandathu, ukuhlaselwa komlilo, isakhiwo sinomlilo wokuba ubuncinane iiyure ezimbini kwiindonga, phantsi nangaphahla. Iindonga kufuneka zibe ngumbutho ozinzileyo ubuncinci ubuncinane ubuncinane bama-intshi. Iiplanga kunye nophahla kufuneka ziqulethe ikhonkrithi eqinisekisiwe ubuncinane ubuncinane bama-intshi amane.
Insimbi yesakhiwo esetyenzisiweyo ekuthwaleni imithwalo kufuneka ibe nokulinganiswa komlilo okungenani iiyure ezimbini. Izakhiwo ezininzi zee-ofisi eziphezulu eziphezulu ziphakanyiswa njengomlilo.
2. Umsebenzi
Inkalo yesibini eyona nto ibalulekileyo yabangabonakaliyo xa kuqwalaselwa kunye nokulinganiswa kwepropati yoshishino. Eli gama lithetha injongo yokusetyenziswa kwepropati. Imizekelo yintengiso yeentengiso zokuthengisa, ifenitshala yokuvelisa kunye neendawo zokuhlala.
Uhlobo loqulatho isakhiwo luqulethwe ngendlela esetyenziswa ngayo isakhiwo. Iziqulatho zichaphazela ukutsha komlilo. Umgubo wokhuni uqulethe uthuli olunokutshabalalisa nokutshabalalisa. Ngaloo ndlela, umgubo wokhusana ulungele umlilo ngaphezu kwesakhiwo seofisi. I-sawmill iqulethe iigodo, iiplanga kunye ne-sawdust, zonke ezitshisa ngokukhawuleza. Isitishi somatshini, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinokuqulatha isinyithi esinezinto ezinokutsha.
3. Ukukhuselwa
Ukukhusela kuthetha iindlela ezisetyenziselwa ukukhusela isakhiwo somlilo. Iquka ukukhuselwa koluntu kunye nolwangasese.
Ukukhuselwa koluntu kunikezelwa yisebe lomlilo lendawo. I-ISO iye yavelisa inkqubo yenani lokulinganisela umgangatho wokukhuselwa koluntu. Amasebe omlilo abelwe iCandelo loKhuselo loLuntu kwi-one (eliphezulu) ukuya kweyishumi (alihambisani nemigangatho ye-ISO). Ukulinganisa kubonakalisa ezi zilandelayo mpawu ezintathu:
- umlinganiselo wesebe lomlilo
- ukwanela kokubonelelwa kwamanzi
- ukusebenza kwe-alamu yomlilo kunye nenkqubo yokunxibelelana
Ngokuqhelekileyo, isakhiwo esisemphakathini kunye neNqanaba eliKhuselekileyo loKhuselo lweSizwe liya kuhlawulwa isantya esezantsi kwi-inshurensi yepropati yoshishino kunesakhiwo esifanayo esifundeni esinezinga eliphezulu lokulinganisa.
Ukukhuselwa kwangasese kubhekisela kwiindlela zokucima umlilo eziphantsi kolawulo lomnini-nkqubo. Imizekelo iminyango yomlilo, i-alamu zomlilo, izicima umlilo kunye neenkqubo zokufafaza. Ukuba isakhiwo sakho sibandakanya enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zixhobo, umshwalense wakho angafaka i-credit kwinqanaba le-inshurensi yepropati yakho.
4. Ukubonisa
Ukubonakaliswa kubhekisela kwiingozi ezizodwa ezikhoyo ngenxa yendawo yesakhiwo. Ezinye izingozi zendalo. Isakhiwo esisendaweni eshushufayo sinokumonakalisa yimimoya ephezulu. Ezinye izingozi zemvelo zibandakanya izikhokelo , isichotho, umbane, kunye nekhephu elinzima. Izingozi zendalo zingakwazi ukuhluka ngokubanzi ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye.
Izingozi ezinokwenziwa ngabantu zingadalwa ngamashishini angomakhelwane, iziseko zengingqi (njengendlela ephakamileyo) okanye uluntu jikelele. Isitoreji esisecaleni kwesityalo sesichumisi singasengozini yokulimala ngokuqhuma. Isakhiwo esiphezulu kwendawo yolwaphulo-mthetho singasengozini yokutshatyalaliswa kwezinto . Eminye imizekelo yezingozi ezenziwe ngumntu yintlupheko yoluntu , ukungcola kwimizila ehamba kufuphi, kunye nomsi ovela kwimisebenzi yoshishino.
Iintlobo zePropati yePropati
Kukho iindlela ezimbini ezisisiseko ezikhuseli-bhorensi zisebenzisa ukulinganisa i-inshurensi yehorensi: ukulinganisa iklasi kunye nokulinganisa okuthe Kwamanye amazwe, i-insurers ithuthukisa ireyithi kunye neerhafu ezithile ngokusebenzisa idatha yendleko yokulahlekelwa ngu-ISO. Kwamanye amazwe, i-insurers ibalwa amaxabiso ngokusekelwe kwidatha abaqokele yona.
I nqanaba leKlasi
Kwinqanaba leklasi, izakhiwo ezineempawu ezifanayo zinikezelwa kwiklasi efanayo. Zonke izakhiwo kuloo klasini zihlawulwa inqanaba elifanayo. Isakhiwo sakho siya kuba yiklasi elibalwe ukuba unayo yonke impawu elandelayo:
- iqukethe ii-25,000 iinyawo zenyawo okanye ngaphantsi
- ayinayo inkqubo yokufafaza
- akusiyo umlilo-ukuhlaselwa
- ayisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa
Ireyithi yeklasi isilinganiso semilinganiselo yeqela. Eli nqanaba lingatshintshwa okanye lihle ukuze libonise izinto ezintle okanye ezimbi zesakhiwo esithile. Ngokomzekelo, i-greenhouse eklasini ivalwe ingaxhomekeke kumbambiso ukuba igcina ubuninzi beefomati.
Isilinganiselo esithile
Xa isakhiwo singenakufaneleka ukulinganiswa kweklasi, izinga elithile libalwa ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezithile zesakhiwo. Amanani athile anqunywe ngokuqwalasela ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo, ukuhlala, ukukhuselwa nokuvezwa.
Izakhiwo ezichazwe ngokukodwa ziqheleke ngakumbi kwaye zinexabiso eliphezulu kunezakhiwo ezilinganiswe kwiklasi. Ngenxa yokuba iirhafu ezithile zisekelwe kwizinto ezizodwa zakhiwo, isakhiwo kufuneka sihlolwe ngaphambi kokuba ireyithi ibalwe. Ukuhlola okusemzimbeni kungenziwa ngu-ISO okanye umgcini-mali. Ulwazi malunga nesakhiwo luhlanganiswa ngexesha lokuhlola. I-ISO okanye i-insurer ke isebenzisa loo ngcaciso ukuba ibale izinga (okanye ixabiso lokulahlekelwa). Isilinganiso senziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwefomula.