Njani iindleko zokuSuswa kweNdobo-mboleko
Izibalo zokususa izidanganiso ziyahlukahluka kakhulu, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu kunye nendawo efuna ukucinywa.
I-Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) kunye nezinye i-arhente zorhulumente zinokufuna ukuqikelelwa kokuqala kweengxowanxuwa ukuba zisuswe okanye zinikezele lolu hlobo lweprojekthi phantsi kwexesha lesivumelwano. Nangona kunjalo, ukubala ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezidityanisiweyo kungahlolwa ngokusetyenziswa kweendlela ezintathu eziqhelekileyo:
- Umgangatho weNdawo
- Iifoto zeAerial
- Iikhompyutheni zekhompyutha
Imilinganiselo
Indlela yokuqala nokukhethiweyo yokuqikelela ubuninzi bokususwa kwe-debris yenza imilinganiselo yomhlaba. Ukubala ukususwa kwemfucuza ngokusebenzisa umlinganiselo womhlaba kufuneka kugqitywe emva kwezi ziphakamiso:
- Chaza indawo ehlanganiswe yi-debris. Yibalule kwaye ubeke imida yakho ngokucacileyo.
- Ukwahlukana phakathi kweentlobo zee-debris kunye neemali. Ezi zininzi zingase zithinteke ekusebenziseni umhlaba , ukucwangciswa kunye nendawo.
- Hlukanisa indawo ibe ngamacandelo kwaye uwahlukanise ngohlobo lwe-debris, njengezityalo, izakhiwo zokwakha okanye izitye.
- Qaphela ngokucophelela indawo engcolileyo. Unokwenza isampuli esimeleyo okanye ulinganise yonke indawo kwiinyawo nobunzulu.
- Qinisekisa izixhobo eziza kusetyenziswa ukugqiba uqikelelo, kubandakanywa abaphenyi, iifoto, ii-tapes, ivili lokukhupha, kunye ne-lasers.
- Qinisekisa kwaye ukhethe iqela eliya kugqiba ukuqikelela ukukhishwa kwamatyala.
- Qinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi yokukhutshwa kwemfucuza iya kubandakanya ukususa ipropati yomuntu, njengempahla, impahla okanye izinto ezinxulumene nazo ngaphakathi.
- Zithinte kwaye uzihlambulule zonke izixhobo zecomputer kunye nezinye izinto ezinobungozi, ezifana namathayi kunye nezitya zokugcinwa kweoli .
- Qaphela ukuba ezinye iinkunkuma zikwazi ukuguqula umthamo ngexesha lolawulo lwenkqubo. Ngokomzekelo, ukungcola kwezityalo kunokunciphisa umthamo emva kokulayishwa kwiilori zokulahla.
Iimilinganiselo zeeNkcazo
Indlela yesibini efumanekayo yokuqikelela ukukhutshwa kwe-debris yinkalo yendawo. Uqikelelo lwamaxabiso olususwe ngotshwala lungasetyenziselwa kwiindawo apho ukufikelela kuvinjelwe khona, njengeendawo ezikude okanye kwiindawo ezinkulu kakhulu . Isetyenziselwa ukugqiba ukuqikelela ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokukhawuleza ngokusebenzisa ulwazi lwe-debris oluqokelelwe ngabasebenzi basemhlabeni. Nangona kunjalo, kunokuvelisa ixabiso elingahambelaniyo leemfuno kuba liza kusekelwe kwiifoto ezisemgangathweni okanye imifanekiso yesathelayithi engenako ukumela idatha efanelekileyo kwiindawo ezichaphazelekileyo. Ukuba umlinganiselo wendawo uza kusetyenziswa ukuqikelela ukutshatyalaliswa kwenkunkuma, unokulandela ezi ngcebiso:
- Thelekisa ngaphambi nangemva kwezithombe zengingqi yentlekele.
- Ukuba ukhona, qhathanisa iifoto ezininzi ezithathwe kwii-angles ezahlukeneyo.
- Khetha into yokubhekiselela ngamanani awaziwayo njengesikali ukwenza iimilinganiselo ezilinganayo.
- Khawucinge ngexabiso lokuqhafaza lokungaqiniseki ngokusekelwe kumava adlulileyo kwi-akhawunti yeengingqi ezingabonakaliyo kwiifoto zomoya.
- Khumbula ukuba ezinye iinkunkuma zikwazi ukuguqula umthamo ngexesha lolawulo lwenkqubo.
Iikhompyutheni zekhompyutha
Uphuhliso lwezobuchwepheshe lwakutya luncedo xa kuzaliswa uqikelelo lwenkunkuma. Iimodeli zekhompyutheni ezifana ne-FEMA ye-HAZUS-MH software ifaka inkqubo yokwenza imodeli engasetyenziselwa ukuqikelela i-debris eveliswa zizikhukula, iindubhu, iinyikima, kunye neziphepho. I-Army Corps yeeInjini ze-United States (i-USACEHQ) iye yavelisa iteknoloji enokuba nayo esetyenziselwa ukuqikelela ubuninzi bokususwa kweemfucuza, ezenzelwe ikakhulu ihovane kunye neziganeko zesiphepho. Ezi nkqubo zekhompyutheni zenkqubo zisekwa kohlalutyo lwabo kwiinkcukacha zembali, idatha ye-GIS, ukusetyenziswa komhlaba, ukuchongwa kunye nolwazi olufunyenwe yintsikelelo yenhlekelele.