Abanini-shishini bahlala bephethe ukugcinwa kwabo kubungqina ngezizathu ezininzi ezibandakanya ukwesaba ukunikezela ngolwazi olunzulu lwezemali, ukufuna ukulawula ngokupheleleyo kunye neendleko zabasebenzi zokugcina. Ezi zizathu, ngelixa ngokuqinisekileyo zivumelekile ukuqaliswa kwemisebenzi kunye nemisebenzi encinci, ikhula ngokunyanisekileyo njengoko ishishini lakho likhula. Abanye abanikazi beempahla zabathengi kumalungu entsapho okanye abasebenzi, kodwa oosomashishini abaphumeleleyo nabanomdla bafunda ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukubalwa kwemali kunye nemali yimbali yezoshishino kwaye ifanelwe ulawulo lwezakhono kwiingcali zemali ezinolwazi.
Izikhundla zenkampani ezintathu zemali eziphambili kumashishini amaninzi ungumgcini-mgcini okanye umgcini-mali, umlawuli kunye neGosa eliPhezulu lezeMali okanye i-CFO.
Njengomnini-shishini, unako ukuphatha imisebenzi yezi zikhundla ngokwakho okanye uzinikezele kumntu osebenzayo okanye umhlobo othembekileyo, kodwa njengokuba ishishini likhula, abanini banini banokufumanisa ukuba ukuqeshisa abaqeqeshi bavelisa inzuzo ebonakalayo yexabiso-xabiso ngelixa abanikazi bekhululekile begxininisa imiba ye shishini. Iziphumo zokuqesha abaqeqeshi bee-accounting zibandakanya-kodwa azikhawulelwanga - ezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Ukufumana imali yokugcina indleko kwenkqubo yokuvelisa, ubudlelwane beentengiso, imisebenzi yeofisi kunye nokuphathwa kwabasebenzi
- Ukugcina imali kwiirhafu
- Ukulawula i-volume ekhulayo yoncwadi yangaphakathi kunye neengxelo zangaphandle
- Ukuyila umnatha wokhuseleko lwemali ngokunciphisa ingozi nge-inshurensi, ukuphathwa kwempahla, ukungafani kunye nokuhlolwa kweengongoma
- Ukucwangciswa kocwangciso
- Ukulawula ukuhlawula umvuzo
- Ukuncedisa imisebenzi kunye nokwandisa inzuzo
- Ukuphepha ukuhlawulwa kweentlawulo, izigwebo, ukulinganiswa kwetyala eziphantsi kunye neendleko zemali ezibangelwa kwizikhathi ezilahlekileyo zokubala, ukubala ukuhlawula ngokukhawuleza, ukulibala ukuhlawula iibhilidi kunye namathuba okushishino athathaka ngexesha.
Enyanisweni, uninzi lwamashishini alondoloza imali ngokuqesha abaqeqeshi bezezimali abaqeqeshiweyo ukulawula imisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuxhomekeka kubukhulu boshishino lakho, imboni yakho kunye nezinye izinto, unokufuna nje umgcini-bhugi wenkxaso-nxalenye okanye ufuna abasebenzi abasebenzisa ngemali ababandakanya umlawuli kunye neCFO. Ukugqiba ukuba ngabaphi abasebenzi bezemali ibhizinisi lakho lifuna ngokwenene isinqumo esinzima esincike kwiimeko ezininzi. Iimfuno zakho ziya kutshintsha ngokuqinisekileyo ngexesha, kwaye ukuba ishishini lakho likhula ngokuphumelelayo, unokujikeleza kuzo zonke izikhundla. Amacandelo alandelayo achaze ukuba yiyiphi ingcali eyenziwa ngamnye kwaye ichaza xa ibhizinisi lakho lingafuna enye okanye ngaphezulu kwale ngcali zezemali:
Imisebenzi yoLondolozo lweNcwadi
Uninzi lwabagcini bemiqulu lubhala ngokucokisekileyo oko sele sele kwenziwe ngokwezimali kwiinkampani eneempembelelo ezincinci okanye ezingekho nto kwiqhinga loshishino. Abagcini beeNcwadi basebenza ngokusesikweni kwaye abanqweneli ukwenza izigqibo malunga nokuthengiswa kwezabelo zexesha elizayo. Umgcini-ncwadi onetalente angachaza izinto ozikhethayo, gcina iirekhodi kunye neengxelo zangoku, ufumane ukungahambelani kwiincwadi kwaye ucebise iingcamango zokugcina imali, kodwa imisebenzi yabo ephambili kufuneka ibhale ingxelo yezo shishino kunye nokuthengiswa kwayo kwemali kunye nokuqokelela iingxelo ezivela kule nkcazelo. Ezinye zezinto eziqhelekileyo zemihla ngemihla yomgcini wencwadi yenkampani ziquka:
- Ukurekhoda ukuthengisa, iindleko, ii-akhawunti ezihlawulwayo kunye neengxelo ezifunyenweyo
- Iindleko zokubeka esweni iimpahla, iindleko zeofisi, irente, izibonelelo kunye nezinye iindleko eziguquguqukayo neziguquguqukayo
- Ukulawula ukuhlawula iirejista , ukugcinwa kweerhafu, i-akhawunti yentela yokuthengisa, ukulungiswa kwemvuzo kunye nokutsalwa kwe-inshorensi
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iiifom ezibalulekileyo kunye nephepha zigqityiwe kwaye zigcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo
- Ukulungiselela iingxelo zemihla ngemihla, ngeveki, ngenyanga, ngekota kunye nonyaka zolawulo, i-arhente karhulumente, abagcini-zimpahla, abasebenzi kunye nabachaphazelekayo
- Ukuhlawula iindleko ngethuba
- Ukuphanda abanye ababoneleli kunye nokwenza iindleko
- Ukuchonga iinkalo ezinengxaki ezifana nenkunkuma, ukuphathwa kakubi, ubuqhetseba nokusela
- Izinto zokulandelela, ukubonelela, ukufundwa kwempahla kunye noluntu
- Ukulungiswa kweerhafu kunye neentlawulo zemihla ngemihla, ngenyanga okanye ngekota yerhafu, urhulumente, i-IRS, i-arhente yokungasebenzi kunye neenkampani zomshuwalense.
- Ukulawula i-inshorensi yoshishino kunye nomsebenzi kunye nezicwangciso zempilo
- Ukukhusela iirekhodi zeenkampani
- Ukufumana uqikelelo nokufumana nokuhlawula inkonzo kunye nokulungisa abantu
- Ukuhlola imiba yokuthobela
- Ukuphatha iingxaki zekhredithi zabaxhasi ngaphakathi kunye nekhredithi yezorhwebo nabathengisi bangaphandle nabathengi ngaphandle
Ukwazi ixesha lokufumana umgcini weencwadi
Uninzi lwabanini bezoshishino-ngakumbi abo abanomoya woshishino - bathokoze ekusebenzeni zonke iinkalo zamashishini abo, kwaye i-accounting iye yaba lula kuzo zonke iisofthiwe enembile ekhoyo. Kunokwenzeka ukuba abanikazi boshishino mabagcine iincwadi, kodwa akusiyo loo nto ingcamango enhle njengoko ishishini likhula. Xa iphepha liqala ukuphazamisa ukulawula ixesha lakho, ukwaneliseka komsebenzi okanye ukusebenza kakuhle, lixesha lokuqwalasela ukuqesha umgcini-ncwadi. Akunakudingi ukuba uqeshe umqeshwa wesikhathi esigcwele kwaye unokukwazi ukukhupha yonke into okanye inxalenye yomsebenzi wokuphendula njengemali yokubhadela. Ukuqesha umgcini-ncwadi kunengqiqo ukuba nayiphi na elandelayo isebenza kuwe kunye nebhizinisi lakho:
- Awuyiqondi ngokucacileyo ukuphendula kodwa uthemba isofthiwe kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana.
- Awuqhelanga nekhowudi yentlawulo kunye nezicwangciso zokuphepha zerhafu.
- Ibhizinisi lakho lifumana ukukhula ngokukhawuleza ngexesha elifutshane.
- Abatyalomali, ababolekisi okanye abanini-nxaxheba bafuna iingxelo ngokuzilungelelanisa.
- Uchitha ixesha elingakumbi ukwenza iincwadi kunokuvelisa ukuthengisa okanye ishishini elitsha.
- Uceba ukwandisa ukuya kummandla ohlukeneyo, imboni okanye umgca weemveliso.
- Ufuna ukuthenga, ukuthengisa okanye ukuthengisa iimpahla.
- Ukwaziswa ukuba iincwadi zakho ziya kuphicothwa.
Ukuqeshwa komgcini-ncwadi akufuneki kube yinkqubo ebuhlungu kuba unokuqala ngokugqithisa umsebenzi kwi-firm accounting firm. Leyo isicwangciso esicacile ngakumbi ukuba awuqhelani nokuphendula, ukuqesha umgcini-ncwadi okanye ukufaka i-akhawunti ye-akhawunti okanye abafake izicelo kumsebenzi wezezimali.
Xa Kufuneka Uqwalasele Ukuqesha Umlawuli
Abalawuli, abavame ukubizwa ngokuba ngabagcini bomlawuli, abaphathi bamagcisa, abaphathi beerhafu, abaphathi beekhredithi kunye nabanye abasebenzi bee-accounting ngenkathi bebika kwi-CFO, CEO okanye umnini-shishini ngokuthe ngqo. Kwiinkampani ezincinci, umlawuli angaba nguKhawulwa kweeNkcazo zikaRhulumente kuphela kwiinkampani okanye ahlole iqela labagcini-zimali. Abaninzi balaba baqeqeshi baphatha imisebenzi yabo ngoncedo kumabhalana, umgcini-ncwadi okanye umncedisi wolawulo.
Umlawuli yiphathi-mboleko ephezulu yenkampani kwaye uyathwala uxanduva lokulungiselela izitatimende zezimali, izicwangciso zoshishino, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, iirhafu, izatifikethi zokuthobela kunye neeprojekthi ezizodwa ezifana nokucwangcisa izicwangciso zoshishino ezifutshane kunye nexesha elide, ukuthengwa kwezentengiso, ukuthengiswa kwempahla, ukuhlanganisana kweenkampani kunye ukufumana imali okanye abatyalo-mali. Kucingwa ukuba ngumphathi wezemali ophakathi, abaphathi baqhele ukwenza imisebenzi elandelayo:
- Ukulawula abasebenzi bezemali.
- Iimpawu zokuhlola kwaye zithwale uxanduva lokugcina imisebenzi yenkampani.
- Sityha kwiingxelo kunye neempendulo ezinxulumene nemali.
- Ukuseka iinkqubo zemali nenkampani.
- Yakha iingxelo zokuphononongwa kwangaphakathi.
- Inkampani yomshuwalense we-Handle kunye nemigaqo yokulawula ingozi
- Khusela impahla yeenkampani.
- Lungiselela, iliso kwaye ubuyekeze imali.
- Ukulungiselela amalungiselelo oluntu.
- Abanini abacebisi kunye nabaphathi kwiimarike zezemali, iindlela kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo.
- Ukuphuhlisa izicwangciso zerhafu.
- Khetha nokulawula i-software ye-accounting.
- Phishekele ukuqokelela.
- Ukujongana nemiba yoluntu njengomsebenzi wokugcina iirekhodi zabasebenzi.
- Fundisa abasebenzi malunga neenzuzo zomsebenzi kunye noxanduva lwezoshishino.
Izibonakaliso ezibonisa iziTyalo zakho zeShishini
Ibhizinisi lakho elikhulayo likhula, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufuna ngaphezu kokuba ngumgcini-ncwadi kuphela. Ukuba unabanini-zimpahla, okanye ibhodi yabalawuli abaqulethwe ngabantu abangenabo abahlobo, abahlobo abasondeleyo kunye nosapho owamiseleyo, ukuqesha umlawuli ngumsebenzi oqhelekileyo wezoshishino okhusela inkampani yakho kunye nefa. Ngokubanzi, umlawuli ujolise kwi-accounting ngenkathi i-CFO igxila kwiimali ezicwangcisiweyo.
Njengabachaphazelekayo beenkampani, umlawuli unika ingxelo yokulawulwa kwamacandelo kunye nokulawulwa kwabasebenzi kwiinkalo zengxelo ngenkqubela iCFO ilawula ukucwangciswa kwezimali kwaye iphethe uxanduva lomlawuli kunye neqela lokuphendula. Uninzi iinkampani ezincinci azikwazi ukufumana umlawuli wesikhathi esigcwele, kodwa njengoko ishishini likhula, awukwazi ukukwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle komlawuli nangona usebenza kwixesha lenkxaso okanye ngokubonisana.
Ngaliphi ixesha lokuhlawula iGosa eliPhezulu lezeMali
I-CFOs isebenza ngaphaya kwemida eqinile ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuzo zonke izigqibo zoshishino kunye nokukhuthaza iminqweno engcono yemali yombutho. Njengoko nawuphi na umnini-mveliso oqeshisayo okanye umnini-shishini owaziyo, ukuvavanywa kwemali ngokukhawuleza kungenye yeenjongo zoshishino zempumelelo. Amanyathelo anikezela inzuzo enamandla angenza buthathaka kancinci inkampani kunye nabathengi abangafuni ukuhlawula amaxabiso aphezulu kwimveliso engaphantsi okanye abathengi abathembekileyo ababeka ixabiso elikhulu kwiinjongo zenkampani, imigaqo, ukuzinikela kwendalo okanye ubuchule bokusebenza.
I-CFO ezifanelekileyo zivavanya nje kuphela iindleko zokwenza ibhizinisi kodwa nazo izingozi kunye nosongelo olunye nawuphi na umsebenzi onokuvelisa. Njengamagosa aseburhulumenteni aphezulu, ii-CFOs zisebenza kunye nabanikazi, amabhodi abalawuli, abaphathi abaphezulu kunye nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba abalulekileyo kwaye badlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuphandeni nasekuphuhliseni, ukubeka iliso kwenkampani, ukuthotyelwa komthetho kunye nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Ezinye imisebenzi zeCFO ziquka:
- Ukulawula inkampani ngokubambisana, ukufumana, ukubonelela ngemimiselo yoluntu kunye nokutshintshwa kwenkqubo yeshishini kunye nemisebenzi
- Ukulawula iindleko ezinkulu zoshishino kwiimarike ezintsha
- Ukukhuthaza i-sound sound practices kwi-decision making making complex
- Ukulawula i-asethi kunye nobudlelwane bezezimali kunye nabachaphazelekayo abaninzi
- Ukwahlula imisebenzi
- Ukuvavanya nokulawula iingozi zemali
- Ukucwangcisa iinjongo zemali ezifutshane kunye nexesha elide
- Ukutolika idatha yeemakethe evela kwiinkcukacha ezininzi zezimali kunye neendlela zoshishino
- Ukuqonda izizathu zokuba iimarike zoshishino zenza ngendlela abazenza ngayo
- Ukuqulunqa indlela yokutshala iimpahla zenkampani
- Iimpawu zeemarike ze-Forecasting kunye nendlela inkampani inokuyenza ngayo
Icandelo ngalinye leenkampani lixhomekeke kakhulu kwimisebenzi yalo yeCFO: ukulawulwa kolawulo, ukugcinwa kwezimali kunye nokucwangciswa nokubikezela kwimicimbi ebalulekileyo yemali.
Iimfuno ezingakumbi zoLawulo lweMali
Amashishini amancinci ukuya kuma-medium aguqule iimfuno zokugcinwa kweencwadi kunye nokuphendula njengoko imisebenzi yabo ikhula. Abanikazi okanye amalungu eqela elikhethiweyo bahlala becwangcisa ukubalwa kweengxelo kumashishini amancinci kunye nokuqalisa ngokuncediswa kwesoftware ye-accounting. Ekugqibeleni, ngoko ke, amaninzi amashishini anqumle ukuba ukuqesha abagcini bezintlu zengcali-okanye i-part-time-time-in-house okanye ngaphandle-ikhulula abasebenzi kwimisebenzi ebalulekileyo yezoshishino kwaye ikhuthaza ukuchaneka okukhulu, ukuthotyelwa okungcono kunye nokunyamekela. Umgcini weencwadi wencwadi uqinisekisa ukuba iingxelo zifakwe kwixesha kwaye zinceda iinkampani zichonge izicwangciso zokulondoloza indleko, ubuqhetseba, ubusela kunye nenkunkuma.
Njengoko ishishini lakho likhula kwaye iimfuno ngexesha lakho liphindaphinda, unokufumanisa ukuba udinga abasebenzi bezemali abalawulwa ngumlawuli okanye i-CFO ukulawula iimali zeenkampani ezixubileyo. Izinketho zakho ziquka ukuqesha ixesha elizeleyo, abasebenzi basekhaya okanye ukugcinwa kwempahla yokugcina impahla kunye nemisebenzi yezemali kwiinkonzo zengxelo zengxelo. Ezi zimbini zikhethi zindlela ezichanekileyo zokuqinisa amandla oshishino lakho, kodwa amashishini amaninzi amancinci amancinci anokufumana inzuzo yokuqesha abacebisi njengoko kuyimfuneko ukuphepha iindleko eziphezulu zokuqesha abaqeqeshi bexesha elipheleleyo.