Ikhompyula yokuthenga isebenza njani kwi-SAP?
Amashishini nawaphi na ubungakanani basebenzise umsebenzi wabo wokutya ngokuthenga izinto okanye ukuvelisa iimpahla ezigqityiweyo okanye ukubonelela ngeenkonzo. Ngaphambi kokuba isebe lokuthenga likwazi ukuthenga izinto kwi-SAP, iziseko ezizodwa zesebe maziqwalaselwe.
Ukuyila isakhiwo esilungelelanisa iimfuno zezoshishino, kufuneka uqonde isakhiwo solawulo lwe-SAP kunye nezigqibo iSebe lokuthenga elifunekayo lokwenza.
Ukuthengwa kwe-SAP Ukwakhiwa koBumbano
Iyonke isebe lokuthenga liyingqayizivele, kodwa isakhiwo sombutho esichazwe kwi- SAP siza kuvumela inkampani ukuba ikwazi ukwenza izinto ezifanelekileyo ukuze kukhuliswe inzuzo yenkqubo.
- I-Organ Purchasing Organisation - Le nqanaba eliphezulu leziseko zokuthenga. Intlangano yokuthenga ichazwa njengeqela lezinto ezithengiweyo ezidibene nazo zonke okanye inxalenye ethile yezoshishino.
Ukuba inkampani inenani elikhulu leendawo ezizimeleyo ngokuzimeleyo kwaye indawo nganye inokuba nenhlangano yabo yokuthenga. Nangona kunjalo, ishishini elincinci linye okanye ezimbini indawo zingasebenzisa kuphela intlangano yokuthenga enye.
- Iqela leNtengo - Iqela lokuthenga linokuchazwa njengomntu okanye iqela labantu abasebenzelana nemveliso ethile okanye iqela leemveliso ezithengiweyo ngenhlangano yokuthenga.
Kwimibutho emikhulu apho kukho amaqela athengisa abaqeqeshi kwisebe lokuthenga abasebenza nabathengi abathile okanye iintlobo zabathengisi.
Ukuthenga Amaphepha
Kukho inani lokuthenga amaxwebhu asetyenziswa ngokuthenga amasebe kwi-SAP.
- Iimfuno zokuthenga - Ukuba imveliso iyadingeka ngenkqubo yokucwangcisa imveliso, iiriskrithi yokuthenga ingaveliswa. Imveliso kunye neenkonzo ezingengenxalenye yenkqubo yokucwangcisa zingacelwa ngesandla usebenzisa iikhwizishini zokuthenga.
Iikhwizishini zingadalwa ngabasebenzisi abagunyazisiweyo kwaye baya kucela izinto kwiikhathalogi ezisekelwe kwiwebhu okanye ngokufaka iifowuni ngqo kwi- SAP system. Ukuba iikhwizishini ziphakanyiselwe into engathengi ngaphambili, isicelo sokucaphulwa isingeniswa kwaye sithunyelwa kubathengisi abakhona okanye abatsha.
- Ukucela I-Quotation - Ukuba umkhiqizo awukwazi ukuthengwa kumthengisi onikwe isivumelwano okanye ixabiso kunye nemigangatho ayimkelekanga, isebe lokuthenga linokuthumela ababoneleli abatshintshiweyo okanye abakhona kwiSicelo seSikethi (RFQ).
Umboneleli unokuhlaziya i-RFQ kwaye athumele ixabiso elifanelekileyo kunye neemeko zezinto.
- I-Quotation - Xa umthengisi athumela izicaphulo zabo, bangeniswa kwi-SAP kwaye ke isebe lokuthenga liyakwazi ukuphonononga kunye nokuthelekisa.
Kukho ukuxoxisana nabathengisi kwi-quotation engcono, apho isebe lokuthenga liya kuzama ukufumana amaxesha amaninzi okuhanjiswa, izaphulelo okanye iindleko zokuhamba.
- I-Order Purchase - Lo ngumqulu worhwebo okhutshwe liSebe lokuthenga kumthengisi, ochaza imveliso okanye inkonzo efunekayo, ubungakanani, kunye nentengo ethetha ngalo umthengi kunye neSebe lokuthenga bavumelene.
Kunokwenzeka ukuseta inkqubo ukwenzela ukuba umthengisi avume ukuba bafumene umyalelo wokuthenga.
Kwakhona, kunokwenzeka ukuba afune abathengisi ukuba bathumele isaziso esithuthukisayo sokuthumela, ukwenzela ukuba kunokwenzeka ukwazi ukuba izinto ziya kuhanjiswa nini .
- Izivumelwano - Esikhundleni somyalelo wokuthenga omnye kunye nomthengisi, kunokwenzeka ukudala umnxibelelwano apho umthengisi uyavuma ukuthumela ubungakanani bezinto ezithile ngexesha elithile.
Kwakhona, isivumelwano siya kuba yintrakthi yexabiso apho endaweni yesininzi; umnxibelelwano ngowesibalo sempahla ethengiweyo ngexesha elithile.
- Isivumelwano soHlelo - Esi sivumelwano kunye nomthengisi kuthetha ukuba kuya kuba nesivumelwano sokubonelela izinto kwixesha elihlelelwe ixesha elide.
Umsebenzi wokuthengwa kwe-SAP wenziwe ngenjongo yokuba abasebenzisi bawo bancede imibutho yabo inikele abathengi babo imiyalelo kulabo bathengi bafuna, xa abo bathengi bafuna loo miyalelo - kwaye bafeze oko ngokusebenzisa imali encinci kwi-inventory ngangokunokwenzeka.
Le nqaku yokuthengwa kwe-SAP ihlaziywe nguGary Marion, Logistics and Supply Chain Expert.